POPE FRANCIS ORDERS VATICAN MUSEUMS TO RETURN PARTHENON MARBLE SCULPTURES TO GREECE. That was a time of giant organisms, a time when men lived for several centuries. Powered and implemented by FactSet Digital Solutions. Brent Swancer is an author and crypto expert living in Japan. The date initially claimed of the image back then was that it was taken in the 1990s. What if giants are not myths at all, but a part of our actual history, that has been hidden from us, up till now? Died age 23, was about 8'1.5" tall. Has there been a giant cover-up? and when the mound was uncovered, the skeleton of a massive human being was found. You've successfully subscribed to this newsletter! Display includes the skeleton of the Irish Giant. In 1924, interestingly more than ten years after they were found, archaeologists were notified of these artifacts. Then, about a century later, researchers including Dr. Korbonits extracted DNA from Byrnes teeth and found that he also had a rare genetic mutation that had been unknown until 2006. In 2018, for example, Johnson and his son discovered the complete skeleton of an ancient crested penguin, a newly identified species that helps explain how New Zealand became a "globally . "There was never a coherent argument for the Museum to do otherwise, given Byrnes explicit decision for his body not to fall into the hands of John Hunter for fear of what then precisely happened," they continued, adding that there is no justification for continued retention of the remains. At the time, grave robbing was pretty big business, with corpses often dug up and sold to medical institutions on a no questions asked basis, so it is quite possible. The Giant Who Lives in the Melbourne Museum. [Larger version here.]. It's no tall talethe first complete ancient skeleton of a person with gigantism has been discovered near Rome, a new study says. (Misattributed images attached to news articles are almost always red flags the claims made in those articles are shaky.). (PA Images/Getty Images) Article As Charles Byrne. 27.07 - MU Plus+ Podcast - Flames of Prophecy, 29.07 - MU Podcast - Contract with the Goddess, 29.06 - MU Podcast - Italian Disco Abductions, 27.06 - MU Plus+ Podcast - Secret Vaults of Time, Creature from the Black Lagoon, Queen's Ghost, Small Lake Monster, Space Caterpillar and More Mysterious News Briefly, A Haunted Book and the Most Haunted Bookshop There Is. The portrait will now go on display in the newly renovated museum for the first time in more than 200 years, in place of the skeleton. PLEASE NOTE: All articles in the Anomalies database and it's sub-databases (Mysteries, Curiosities, and Legends) are written by Garth Haslam, and should not be copied in any format without his express permission. Biology, nature, and cryptozoology still remain Brent Swancers first intellectual loves. See our. He even inspired a popular staged pantomime. These giants, a red-haired tribe of cannibals known as the Si-Te-Cah, often harassed the Paiute tribe with war and captured their victims to eat. In 2020, the Pitt Rivers Museum in Oxford, England, decided to remove all human remains from its gallery, because it said the displays enforced racist stereotypes. Some reports claimed the length of the skeletons legs to be five feet alone. Finally, no such "Supreme Court" decision exists; and if it did, it would have been a matter of public record and widely reported in mainstream publications due to its notability. The Chichasawba mound in Arkansas is another instance of the uncovering of a giant skeleton under similar circumstances. The Cocaine Mummies; Henut Taui's Ancient Global Trade Network, Ancient Protection: Using Apotropaic Magic to Ward Off Evil, Archeologists Discover Head of Roman Statue in Egyptian Tomb. As a result, his body produced too much growth hormone, causing conditions known as acromegaly and gigantism -- meaning his bones grew much bigger than normal. for exploring mounds, of which there is a written record of them uncovering giant skeletons whose bones crumbled to dust when exposed to air. Join MU Plus+ and get exclusive shows and extensions & much more! The Hunterian Museum houses a collection of anatomical specimens at London's Royal College of Surgeons of England (RCS). About a year after his arrival in the city, he lost most of his money to a pickpocketa loss that the Dictionary of Irish Biography claims drove him to excessive drinking and an early death. A number of factors in the first two paragraphs of the claim conflict with the standard template for junk news, but the article also follows that formula in several ways. A giant skeleton was unearthed outside of West Bend near Lizard Mound County Park and assembled by local farmers to a height of eight feet. , found bodies of several giants buried under a ten-foot-tall mound. A sideshow celebrity at the time, Beaupre's existence was hardly a secret and certainly not classified by the Smithsonian Institution. Byrnes skeleton remained a prominent piece in the college, standing in its own display case, but trustees saw fit to remove the skeleton following years of objection from critics and ethicists, Irish publication The Journal reported. double rows of teeth courtesy grahamhancock.com. The problem is that Toller was much taller than the American Giant, even when adjusting for the spine curvature, so who else could it have been? Im the lucky guy that was treated and was able to lead a normal life, Holland said. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, Founded in 1846, the Smithsonian Institution is a large museum and research complex with 17 museums, galleries and a zoo in the Washington, D.C. area, . Though this may all sound a bit morally shady, there was already a long history of medical men resorting to questionable ways to obtain unusual specimens that could not be retrieved otherwise (which generally means the family said 'no' when asked). The skeleton itself is the tallest skeleton put on display in North America, coming from an individual who is estimated as having been about 7 feet, 6 inches tall, although since the spine has an abnormal curvature the actual height would have been even taller if it was straightened out. Could Discovery of 9.7 Million Year Old Teeth Rewrite History? One of the skeletons measured 8.5-feet tall, and the other measured nearly 10-feet tall. But what actually was Megatherium? There is a growing body of research that suggests modern humans were not the first intelligent beings to live on our planet. This giant stood some 14-16 ft tall (right). Lovelock giant skull confirmed by museum! When Hunter found out he managed to bribe one of them and when the friends stopped overnight on their way to bury Byrne in the English Channel, his body was replaced with heavy objects. The skeleton measured seven feet six inches at the time of Hinsdale's examination, and showed signs that the individual was developing agromegaly (excessive growth of hands, feet, and facial features). In 1931, two giant skeletons were found near Lovelock, Nevada in the Humboldt dry lake bed. Prior to the first World War, the need to classify documents as we would today had not yet come to issue (due to America's relative then-isolated status), and such a measure would be even less likely to apply to a archaeological discovery. Answer (1 of 8): I take it you are referring to human giants. Meilan Solly is Smithsonian magazine's associate digital editor, history. But the skeletons placed on display are normal-sized, and according to some sources, the skeletons of giants have been covered up. The skeletons ranged in length from 7 to 10 feet tall. Speaking with the Irish Journals Daragh Brophy in 2017, when the Hunterians impending closure sparked renewed debate over the skeletons fate, Muinzer noted that the museum has Byrnes full DNA record, as well as extensive past studies, on file and could simply create a full-scale replica of the bones. The American Giant, displayed next to an average skeleton and a dwarf. I think that science has learned all it can from the bones, and the honorable thing now is lay him to rest, she told The Guardian. Hunterian Museum/Royal College of Surgeons of England. At the time, one popular theory for his height was that he was conceived on top of a haystack, according to a 2012 documentary. What happened historically and what Hunter did was wrong, said Dawn Kemp, a director at the Royal College of Surgeons of England, of which the Hunterian Museum is now part. Kim LaCapria is a former writer for Snopes. Hunter thus acquired the body. When the museum reopens in March after a five-year closure, however, Byrnes bones will be conspicuously absent. (City of London: London Metropolitan Archives/Heritage Images/Getty Images). And whether the tall skeletons belonged to a race of giant natives themselves or another race that predated them is unknown, but it is thought that the American Indians venerated them. There are over 20,000 individual objects available for display here, many of them in turns haunting, revolting, fascinating, and at many times mysterious. Discoveries of the giant skeletons were found all over the Northeast, from Marthas Vineyard and Deerfield Valley Massachusetts, to Vermont and upstate New York. Anyone can read what you share. There is a growing body of research that suggests modern humans were not the first intelligent beings to live on our planet. [But] it is entirely unclear what further research the Hunterian has in mind. He died in 1783, and the RCS said it was well documented that he wanted to be buried at sea, to prevent his body being seized by anatomists. The fact that he was a local of the same state where the skeleton was up for sale bolsters this case, as does his height, estimated to have been around 7 feet, 8 inches tall. And . He grew to be 7 feet, 7 inches tall. Queen Elizabeth views the skeleton of the Irish Giant, Charles Byrne, in the Hunterian Museum during her visit to the new buildings of the Royal College of Surgeons of England at Lincoln's Inn Fields, London. Since then, scientists who have studied his skeleton have determined that he had a tumor that caused acromegaly and gigantism, conditions in which the body produces too much growth hormone. The actual year of his death is unknown, but the last known newspaper record about him was printed in 1861. Within the ethnology reports of the museum, there are 17 cases of the Smithsonian uncovering giant skeletons over seven feet tall. Visitors are accustomed to seeing human remains in the museum, she said, and see the benefits of the stories that skeletons can tell about the past, both culturally and scientifically. It should be a simple matter of cross-checking known giants who died within a specified time period, yet over a century later no one knows who in the world the American Giant of the Mtter Museum was, whoever may have known having long ago taken the secret to the grave with them. You can become a patron for just $1 a month! The celebrated mounds of Ohio and Indiana can bear no comparison, either in size, design or the skill displayed in their construction with these gigantic and mysterious monuments of the earth erected we know not by whom, and for what purpose we can only conjecture, said the Times. Another idea is that it could have been a man named John M. Baker of Caldwell County, Kentucky, who died in 1861 in his early 20s. Among these bones may lay answers not even sought by these officials concerning the deep past.. Byrne had an undiagnosed benign tumor of the pituitary gland. . This Nevada Canyon Is The Coolest Thing Youll Ever See For Free, The Nevada Cave Tour At Great Basin National Park That Belongs On Your Bucket List, The View From This Little-Known Overlook In Nevada Is Almost Too Beautiful For Words, Next Month, Watch The Nevada Skies Light Up During One Of The Best Meteor Showers of The Year, One Of Nevadas Largest National Monuments, Basin And Range Offers An Escape For Every Adventurer, Take A Short Trek Through A Maze Of Slot Canyons On The Moon Caves Trail In Nevada, No One Knows Just How Deep Nevadas Devils Hole Really Is, The 7 Worst Earthquakes In Nevada History Well Never Ever Forget. 1995 - 2023 by Snopes Media Group Inc. There are groups from all belief systems Christians, conspiracy theorists, alien researchers, evolutionists, and more who believe pre-Adamites (humans or intelligent beings that walked the Earth before Adam) actually existed. Human giants are not entirely a product of legend in our history. The museums announcement follows a years-long campaign by scholars, authors and journalists to fulfill Byrnes dying request or, at minimum, petition the Hunterian to move his bones into storage. In the latter stage of his life, Byrne made a living by exhibiting himself as the "Irish Giant." Ancient Origins , Anomalous Archeology Around the turn of the 20 th century, The New York Times, London Globe, and Scientific American published articles purporting the discovery of gigantic human skeletons, concluding that the remains were sent to the Smithsonian for further study. Animal skeletons at the Hunterian Museum in London, 1911. But the skeletons placed on display are normal-sized, and according to some sources, the skeletons of giants have been covered up. On 20 December 1897, the Times followed up with a report on three large burial mounds that had been discovered in Maple Creek, Wisconsin. Because of Hunter's reputation for collecting unusual specimens for his private museum, Byrne was concerned that Hunter wanted his body for dissection (a fate reserved for executed criminals) and probable display. He also made a giant dragon skeleton for the centerpiece of his mob museum. The skeletons represent an unparalleled study collection of every major group of vertebrate animals. There is even supposed reference to it from Abraham Lincoln. ', Matas De Stefano's Initiation Atlantis and The Creation of Races, Derinkuyu & Nevsehir: Turkey's Lost Underground Cities, The Hollow Earth Theory and Underground Civilizations, This Hindu Prophecy is Eerily Similar to Nostradamus' Predictions, Artificial Intelligence Uncovers More Than 140 New Nazca Lines, Ancient Egyptian Mystery Schools and Freemasonry, The Enigma of the Lost Chinese Pyramids of Xi'an. There is a wonderful exhibit, for example, at the Aztalan State Park where one may see the skeleton of a "Princess of Aztalan" in the museum. Of course, there is the famous tale of Adam and Eve, but were they truly the first humans to walk the Earth? Compare the skeletons of vastly different . Per a statement, museum trustees used the closure to discuss the sensitivities and the differing views surrounding the display and retention of Charles Byrnes skeleton. Ultimately, the board decided to remove the bones from view but retain them for bona fide research into acromegaly, a disorder in which the body produces too much growth hormone, and gigantism, a similar condition that begins in childhood. Other museums have grappled recently with the ethics surrounding human remains. Gentle giant's skeleton removed from museum Michael Cook January 24, 2023 Earlier this month the Royal College of Surgeons, in London, announced that it will remove from the display cases of the Hunterian Museum the skeleton of a 7-foot, 7-inch man who died in 1783. There are also supposed reports of the Smithsonian Institution purchasing giant skeletons excavated by citizens, which then disappeared, never to be heard from again. Giants have been found in Minnesota, Iowa, Illinois, Ohio, Kentucky, and New York, and their burial sites are similar to the well-known mounds of the Mound Builder people. All rights reserved. London Museum Removes 'Irish Giant' Skeleton From Display The remains of Charles Byrne, a 7-foot-7 man who died in 1783, will no longer be on public view, an effort to address what one. (presumably ca.1861)], of Caldwell County, Kentucky, USA. Anomalies -- the Strange & Unexplained, as well as my other website -- Monsters Here & There -- are supported by patrons, people like you! If the skeleton can be useful for understanding and improving human health, the benefits of the living must be considered, she said. Seattle's airport was once the site of a 12-foot giant sloth skeleton discovered near a runway. The American Giant could have also been an unknown giant, but considering how much of a rarity such height was at the time and how much they stuck out, people of these sizes were typically well-known and unlikely to be able to live completely anonymously off the grid. $20.50 . I Often Hear That: I'll Share Some With You, TikTok and Its Strange Proliferation of Mysterious Accounts of Skinwalkers, Shamans, Psychedelics, and One Man's mystical Journey in the Amazon to Find a Miracle Cure. The Cahokia mound is 100 feet tall with a 14-acre base, almost an entire acre larger than the pyramid at Giza. This version of the tale is certainly fake, as it incorporates elements of existing urban legends and hoaxes (obscuring the nature of the source), and World News Daily Report's disclaimer page explicitly states its content is fictional in nature: World News Daily Report is a news and political satire web publication, which may or may not use real names, often in semi-real or mostly fictitious ways. (PA Images via Getty Images). Gaia guides people on their personal transformational paths with the worlds largest library of exclusive and original conscious media. This particular mound was 64 feet long by 35 feet wide. Weve had the same problems. An 18th century print of the Irish Giant.. The Chichasawba mound in Arkansas is another instance of the uncovering of a giant skeleton under similar circumstances. According to an ancient legend, North America was once inhabited by a race of giants that were much taller and stronger than the average man. The Truth about Why things are the Way they are. Do you believe this ancient legend is true, or a myth? As far as I know, no one ever contacted Hinsdale or the magazine with further information on the skeleton's identity. Theres no written account of Byrnes wishes, according to the Hunterian Museum. Animal skeletons at the Hunterian Museum in London, 1911. Where were red haired giants found in Lovelock, Nevada? A . But that changed in the mid-2000s, when scientists led by endocrinologist Mrta Korbonits extracted DNA from Byrnes teeth and pinpointed a specific gene mutation as the cause of his unchecked growth. David and Goliath, Jack and the Beanstalk, and Paul Bunyon are familiar examples of tales involving giants. The "Irish giant", a centrepiece of the Hunterian anatomical museum in London, could be released to allow the remains to be given a respectful burial after more than two centuries on display. Alex Boese, "curator" of the virtual Museum of Hoaxes, said fake giants have a long history going back to the at least the 1700s. You could even do it like museums do with large dinosaur skeletons. The Mystery of New York's Renegade Subway Psychic, Forget About What We Know About Roswell: It's What's Missing About the Case That We Need to Look For, Archeologists Discover Another Secret Corridor Inside the Great Pyramid of Giza, Paranormal Creatures That Have Terrifying Holds Over Us, "What's the Creepiest Thing You've Ever Seen or Heard?" The 130,000-year-old, 13-foot-tall giant ground-sloth's bones, assembled and displayed at the Museum of Arts and Science, represent the most complete giant sloth skeleton in North America. LONDON Charles Byrne never wanted to end up in a museum. The great interloper of ancient burial grounds, the nineteenth century Smithsonian Institution, created a one-way portal, through which uncounted bones have been spirited. The museum boasts over 3,000 osteological specimens including skeletons and skulls, 1,500 wet specimens covering just about every part of the body and every type of cyst or tumor, and various others, which really run the range between odd and downright disturbing. There was one rather large stipulation on the sale, however: no questions could be asked that might lead to the identification of the body. Hinsdale stated his belief that the owner of the skeleton was around twenty-two to twenty-four years old at death. The Cahokia and Monks mounds in Illinois and Missouri are two thought to have been built before the arrival of Columbus. Plus you can download videos to your device to watch offline later. ", Queen Elizabeth views the skeleton of the Irish Giant, Charles Byrne, in the Hunterian Museum during her visit to the new buildings of the Royal College of Surgeons of England at Lincoln's Inn Fields, London. OnlyInYourState may earn compensation through affiliate links in this article. Chief Chicasawba lived in that area of Arkansas and when the mound was uncovered, the skeleton of a massive human being was found. A link to reset your password has been sent to you. Vieira believes that a prejudiced narrative was created to discredit Native Americans or portray them as savages because if they were seen as having built the mounds it would show them as mathematically and technically advanced. Mutual Fund and ETF data provided by Refinitiv Lipper. (City of London: London Metropolitan Archives/Heritage Images/Getty Images). The idea of the possibility of a pre-Adamite civilization and discussion about the origin of the human race is not a new one. Quotes displayed in real-time or delayed by at least 15 minutes. Other reports of the discovery of buried giants were also found in the South, Midwest, and West coast. The National Museum of Natural History is home to a lot of bones, from the skeleton of a giant ground sloth in the "Deep Time" exhibit to the South American bullfrog in the Bone Hall. Subsequently, other skeletons up to ten feet tall were unearthed in the same area, all with similar burial artifacts found with them. She enjoys discovering new places and currently calls North Alabama home. The timeline of human existence has captured the attention of philosophers, scientists, and ordinary, curious people throughout the ages. He says he thinks that awareness of both the mounds and giants was common knowledge during this primarily agrarian time. They were enormous. It became the centerpiece of a collection that eventually formed the Hunterian Museum, which in modern times has seen more than 80,000 people a year pass through its doors. Monks Mound is just as tall with a 1,000-foot-wide base. In the summer of 1996, while wading in the shallows of the Columbia River near Kennewick, Washington, two students stumbled onto a skeleton. Human giants are not entirely a product of legend in our history. The skull was as large as a half bushel measure. "We are delighted to hear the news that the battle that we and others have fought to have Charles Byrnes skeleton removed from the Hunterian has finally been won," Muinzer and Doyal told The Journal. The 12-square-mile mound had its name taken from the chief of the Shawnee tribe who was essentially known to be a giant with incredible strength. Snopes and the Snopes.com logo are registered service marks of Snopes.com. Queen Elizabeth II views Charles Byrnes skeleton at the Hunterian Museum in London in 1962. During his life, Byrne remained a medical mystery. Artist Unknown. and it's been enjoying a revival in 2007. Since its establishment, the museum has opened its doors to the public so that those interested parties (with strong stomachs) could peruse the various bones, preserved organs and creatures, and antique medical equipment. From "Illustrated London News," 1845, Vol VII. In the Ohio River Valley, a report from a local paper, that was backed up by. Here among the skeletons of dwarfs, deformed freaks, and various other conditions is a towering specimen that is called The American Giant, strategically positioned between a normal sized human skeleton and that of a dwarf. He left his hometown in his late teens to tour Britain, exhibiting himself as a human curiosity for money under the stage-name Charles OBrien [and] becoming a famous and beloved character in the process, wrote Thomas L. Muinzer, a leading figure in the campaign to remove Byrnes bones from view, in a 2013 journal article. Lived in Huntington, England, and was said to have been buried under the floorboards of a church; this church underwent renovation in the 1870's, so the theory is that his skeleton was stolen during the renovation and spirited overseas to be sold which would be a good reason to tell buyers to ask no questions. The Hunterian Museum houses a collection of anatomical specimens at London's Royal College of Surgeons of England (RCS). Jim Vieira has made it his mission to explore the mystery behind these mounds and others where there is documentation of unearthed skeletons, often of gigantic proportions. But for over 200 years Brynes skeleton has remained on display at the Royal College of Surgeons Hunterian Museum, which houses the collection of anatomist John Hunter, who bribed someone with 500 to replace Byrnes remains in his coffin so that he could acquire them for himself. Two of the successfully recovered artifacts included a male and female mummified red-haired giant. Blanco Fossil Museum, was commissioned to sculpt the human femur. Instead, John Hunter, an 18th-century British surgeon and anatomist, paid Byrnes friends 500 pounds for his skeleton, which joined hundreds of plant and animal specimens on display in Hunters home in Londons Leicester Square. Over the years, many theories swirled about, enticing logical and romantic thinkers alike to explore further, look deeper, and question what they had been taught. Madison was in ancient days the center of a teeming population numbering not less than 200,000, the Times said. The jawbones are long and pointed, bearing a minute resemblance to the head of the monkey. One female skeleton was found holding a three-and-a-half-foot long child. We shouldnt think that we now know everything, said Marta Korbonits, a professor of endocrinology at Queen Mary University in London, who has researched Byrnes genes. Though I was able to determine that a Roy Crouse -- which is said to be the full name of the suspected giant -- was indeed a resident of the asylum, there is no actual proof yet that he was a giant in life. Many were prepared around 150 years ago as teaching aids. Open Minds: Evidence of Giants in Sardinia. A lot of people benefited from this research, Dr. Korbonits said. . There are no clear candidates without a number of assumptions made for each but given that the body was sold on a 'no questions asked' basis, theories that include body snatching and overseas theft start sounding entirely possible as explanations for why no questions were wanted. As one contemporary newspaper reported shortly after his death at age 22, The whole tribe of surgeons put in a claim for the poor departed Irish Giant, and surrounded his house just as Greenland harpooners would an enormous whale.. In their 2011 paper, Muinzer and Doyal acknowledged the value of the genetic research but refuted the Royal College of Surgeons argument that Byrnes bones should be retained for further study. The bones, which dated back 12,700 years, belonged to an extinct giant ground sloth. Since that discovery, in 2011, she said that researchers had been able to identify people with the same genetic mutation as Byrnes and help prevent the condition in them through preventive screenings, especially among children who hadnt yet exhibited any symptoms. All news articles contained within worldnewsdailyreport.com are fiction, and presumably fake news. In short, the newspaper concluded, the sight of him is more than the mind can conceive, the tongue express or pencil delineate, and stands without a parallel in this or any other country.. Skeleton of man who dreaded becoming a museum exhibit will finally be removed from display, Charles Byrne's skeleton, on display in the Hunterian Museum. They may soon receive a proper burial, It said: "During the period of closure of the Museum, the Board of Trustees of the Hunterian Collection discussed the sensitivities and the differing views surrounding the display and retention of Charles Byrne's skeleton. In 1877, a Professor A.E. The problem is, no one is sure just how tall Roy really was, and it has been suggested that he may have died long after the American Giant skeleton came into the museums possession. Charles Byrne asked for his body to be buried at sea. It also arrives at a time when cultural institutions around the world are reckoning with the ethics of exhibiting human remains to the public. Artist Unknown. Discovered in 1787 by Manuel Torres in Argentina, the first M. americanum fossils were shipped to the Museo Nacional de Ciencias in Madrid, where the original skeleton is still . Exclusive Interview with Michael Tellinger: Hidden Origins of Humanity. A press statement from the RCS confirmed the decision to remove Byrne's skeleton from the collection, which also features surgical instruments, models and archive materials that trace the history of surgery from ancient times to the latest robot-assisted operations. Museum chiefs have rejected a suggestion by law and medical ethics experts that the skeleton of an 18th century man known as the "Irish giant" should be removed from display and buried at sea. Again, it is thought that grave robbers might have dug the body up to sell it, and considering the location and similarities in height, Baker seems to be a good candidate. There was never a coherent argument for the museum to do otherwise, given Byrnes explicit decision for his body not to fall into the hands of John Hunter for fear of what then precisely happened, they told the Journals Jamie McCarron. At 6 feet, 8 inches (202 centimeters) tall, the man would have. Nicknamed the "American Giant" (or sometimes the "Kentucky Giant," after the state it was acquired from), the skeleton measures an impressive seven feet six inches in height, and is displayed alongside a normal height individual skeleton, as well as the skeleton of a dwarf named Mary Ashberry.

Fruit Cocktail Pie With Graham Cracker Crust, Coletta Stefano Compagno, Harcourts Live Auctions Auckland, Pinion And Spur Gear Calculator, Articles G